Cultivation of grapes
How is grape cultivation in Poland?
Tips for growing grapes
What pests and diseases attack grapes? How to prevent it?
What grape varieties are best grown in Poland?
Which grape varieties are best used in winemaking?
And what grape varieties will we use for juices?
How is grape cultivation in Poland?
Grapes are a delicious and healthy fruit that can be grown in a home garden. They are rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that benefit our health. Grapes can be eaten raw, cooked, baked or made into juice, jam, jelly and wine. Choose a place that is sunny, warm and sheltered from the wind to grow grapes. The soil should be well-drained and rich in nutrients. Grapes can be planted in spring or fall. Seedlings should be placed in rows every 1-1.5 meters. Grapes require regular watering, fertilization and pruning. Watering is especially important during drought. Fertilization should be done every 2-3 weeks, using a fertilizer intended for vines. Pruning the vines is done in spring and autumn. It consists in removing excess shoots and leaves so that the plant develops better and bears fruit. The grapes ripen in autumn. Grapes should be harvested on a dry, sunny day. Fruit should be collected in bunches and stored in a cool, dry place.
Tips for growing grapes
Here are some additional tips for growing grapes:
- Choose a grape variety that is disease and pest resistant.
- Remember to water the grapes regularly, especially during drought.
- Fertilize the grapes every 2-3 weeks with a fertilizer designed for vines.
- Prune the grapes in spring and fall to help the plant develop and bear fruit better.
- Pick grapes on a dry, sunny day.
- Store grapes in a cool, dry place.
What pests and diseases attack grapes? How to prevent it?
Grapes are vulnerable to a wide variety of pests and diseases. Here are some of them:
- pests,
- aphids,
- spider mites,
- thrips,
- violins,
- insects,
- greenhouse whitefly,
- grubs,
- snails,
- locust,
- iris.
Diseases:
- powdery mildew,
- downy mildew,
- vine rust,
- oidium,
- gray mold,
- botrytis,
- anthracnose,
- tobacco mosaic virus,
- vine yellow mosaic virus,
- pea mosaic virus,
Prophylaxis should be used to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Below is the grape care code
- Plant resistant grape varieties.
- Plant grapes in a well-ventilated area.
- Fertilize your grapes regularly and use nutrient-balanced fertilizers.
- Water the grapes regularly, especially during drought.
- Remove fallen leaves and fruit.
- Carry out regular inspections of the vines for pests and diseases.
- Use chemical plant protection products if necessary.
What grape varieties are best grown in Poland?
Many varieties of grapes can be grown in Poland, but some are more winter and disease resistant than others. Here are some popular grape varieties that can be grown in Poland:
- Roundabout,
- Solaris,
- Regent,
- Johanniter,
- Muscat Ottonel,
- Artemis,
- Bianca,
- Chardonnay,
- Pinot Noir,
- Cabernet Sauvignon.
In addition to resistance to winter and disease, the taste and aroma of the grapes should also be considered. Some varieties are sweeter, others more sour. Some varieties have a distinct aroma, others a delicate one.
Which grape varieties are best used in winemaking?
Many grape varieties are suitable for wine production. The most popular grape varieties that are used to make wine are:
- Cabernet Sauvignon,
- Merlot,
- chardonnay,
- Pinot Noir,
- Sauvignon Blanc,
- Riesling,
- Syrah,
- Zinfandel,
- Tempranillo,
- Grenaches.
In addition to these varieties, many other varieties that are less common are also used to make wine. The choice of grape variety depends on many factors, such as:
- climate,
- soil,
- purpose of wine production.
For example, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot are grape varieties that are used to produce red wines with a strong flavor and aroma. Chardonnay is a grape variety that is used to production of white wines with a delicate taste and aroma.
And what grape varieties will we use for juices?
For juice production, the best grapes are varieties that are sweet and have a delicate flavor. The most popular grape varieties for juice are:
- Concord,
- Niagara Falls,
- Muscat,
- Thompson Seedless,
- White Riesling,
- Seyval Blanc.
Each of the above varieties, of course, differs slightly in individual features.
For example, Concord is a grape variety that is used to produce juices with a strong flavor and aroma. Niagara is a grape variety that is used to produce juices with a delicate flavor and aroma.
If you want to grow grapes for juice, it is best to consult an experienced viticulturalist who can help you choose the right varieties for your location and needs.
